Western Front
Battle of the Somme: Battle of the Ancre ends with 8 Tank Mk I participating. Existing tank companies expanded into battalions.
BATTLES OF THE SOMME END: In final attack, reluctantly allowed by Haig, 4th Canadian Division and part of 18th Division gain 1,000-yard deep bulge on front of 3 miles, but Grandcourt not reached by 32nd Division (commanding General relieved with two brigade commanders). German losses claimed to be 45,000 men since November 1 (BEF Nov total 46,238).
At the Somme, Britain suffered around 420,000 casualties, France 200,000 casualties, and Germany supposedly 424,000-500,000 casualties.
Battle of Verdun: Joffre agrees to one more Nivelle attack; preparations including 16 miles of roads and 6 miles of light railway.
French gunners near Martigny with a 90 mm artillery gun:
http://imgur.com/R1H2HtL* © IWM (Q 80280)
Eastern Front
Romania: Romanian defenses in the Carpathian passes manage to halt the German offensive, but they are already 25 miles into Romanian territory.
Transylvania: Second Battle of Tirgu Jiu:
Southern Front
Serbia: Despite deep snow Serb Danube Division captures Hill 1378, Italians storm Ostretz Hill and two other features (until November 19), French ford river Viro and Russians capture three villages south of Monastir. Germans and Bulgarian troops burn and evacuate it during night November 18-19 and retreat 4 miles.
Macedonia: 5,144 trained Greek troops now available with 5,184 animals.
Naval and Overseas Operations
East Africa: Defeat of Germans at Lupembe by British.
Political, etc.
United Kingdom: Lloyd George tells Hankey that Somme offensive was ‘a bloody and disastrous failure’; not willing to stay in office if in 1917 repeated.
British news film “Topical Budget,” showing captured German soldiers at Macedonia, among other news:
http://film.iwmcollections.org.uk/record/index/5404
France: Protest of Allies re: Poland.
United States: U.S.A. explanation re:
U-53.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM_U-53